澳洲essay写作技巧 Essay中如何表达句子更有力量?

平行结构指的是单字或片语的形态相似。当句子或段落中的概念相似时,可以透过创造平行结构来强化意思上的相似性。有效的对句法需要能在句子中产生对称性,使文章更强而有力。对句法可以强调两个以上相似的概念。

平行结构的正确形式

下列的第一句包含平行结构,第二句则无此结构。

正确:The Editing Service Firm needs editors who are detail-oriented,who are self-motivated,and who are dedicated.

错误:The Editing Service Firm needs editors who are detail-oriented,motivate themselves,and exhibit dedication.

第一个句子中,who are重复了三次,使得detail oriented,self-motivated和dedicated三字具有相似性。第二的句子中,who are含有ambitious的涵义,但须拿掉are,以让读者了解句子内接下来的片语。当句子有正确的平行结构时,则不需要重复动词。

重复动词是风格和强调重点上的结构。不要过度使用平行结构!上述的句子一,不必用那么多的重复字,也可以表达意思。句子如下:

The Editing Service Firm needs editors who are detail-oriented,self-motivated,and dedicated.

使用对句法阐明意思

William researches cell membranes and walls.

Is William a biologist,or a biologist with an interest in architecture?This revision makes the meaning clear:

Janet researches cell membranes and cell walls.

使用对句法的一些方法

一系列中的事项:

As an editor,he revised,clarified,and rewrote.

成对的事项:

The musicians began not only to sing,but also to dance.

Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.(John F.Kennedy)

列表和大纲:

The research had three main goals:To discover the cause of the disease.To propose a treatment.To document the success of the treatment.

把“Responsibilities included….”作为每个描述的开头,或用同一时态的动词作为每个描述的开端:如Researched、Conducted和Supervised。

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